Ticks are the definition of creepy crawly. Their reputation for carrying diseases like Lyme makes them particularly hated among dog parents!
While no one wants to find any sort of parasite on their beloved pet, the reality is that at some point you'll probably encounter an attached tick. It's pretty much a guarantee you and your canine companion love to adventure together.
Here’s what dog owners need to know about contact with ticks. Why are tick bites dangerous for your pup—and can tick borne illnesses be treated? How can you prevent ticks from attaching to your dog? What's the best way to remove a tick if you find one on your four-legged friend? And when do you need to head into the vet?
Read on.
The greatest risk of a tick bite is that your dog will contract a tick-borne disease.
Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. It's primarily transmitted to dogs through the bite of infected black-legged ticks, also known as deer ticks. These teeny tiny parasites become infected with the bacterium when they feed on contaminated wildlife like deer (hence the name "deer tick") or rodents.
When an infected tick bites a dog and remains attached long enough—typically 24 to 48 hours—it can transmit the Lyme disease-causing spirochete into the dog's bloodstream. Once infected, dogs may experience various symptoms like fever, lameness, joint swelling, lethargy, and lack of appetite (inappetence).
In some cases, untreated Lyme disease can lead to more severe health issues.
This disease is caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia canis. The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) and the lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) can transmit Ehrlichiosis to our dogs. Symptoms range from mild to severe, including:
Caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, anaplasmosis is transmitted primarily by the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and the western black-legged tick (Ixodes pacificus). Symptoms may include fever, lethargy, joint pain, vomiting, and diarrhea.
The bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii causes RMSF. Various ticks transmit this disease, including the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis) and the Rocky Mountain wood tick (Dermacentor andersoni). Symptoms include fever, lethargy, coughing, loss of appetite, joint pain, and a characteristic rash—but VCA Animal Hospitals says signs of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever are often vague and non-specific. This can make RMSF hard to diagnose right away.
Tick-borne illnesses in dogs are generally treatable, especially if you diagnose and treat them early.
Specific treatment depends on:
Some tick-borne diseases are more challenging to treat than others. With appropriate veterinary care, though? Most dogs can recover successfully! The death rate for tick-related illnesses is usually less than 10 percent.
Prevention is always better than treatment when it comes to tick-borne illnesses.
Monthly tick preventatives can be highly effective ways to prevent tick-borne illnesses in dogs. These preventatives come in various forms: spot-on treatments, oral tablets, collars, and more. There's an option for every dog and pet parent!
The active ingredients in tick preventatives target ticks at different life stages. This ultimately lowers the risk of disease transmission—the medications work by either killing ticks before they can transmit diseases or by preventing ticks from attaching and feeding on your dog long enough to transmit pathogens.
When used as directed and administered regularly, these preventatives can significantly reduce the chances of your dog contracting tick-borne illnesses.
If you live in—or plan to visit—an area with a high tick population, discuss tick preventatives with your veterinarian. They can recommend the most suitable product based on your dog's specific needs and health status, your budget, and your personal preferences.
Ticks can be found throughout the entire United States. Prevalence and specific tick species vary depending on the region and climate, though.
Tick populations fluctuate from year to year. Various factors influence how many disease-carrying parasites will be along your typical walking routes, including weather, climate, and surrounding wildlife populations.
As a general rule? It’s best to assume you and your dog have been exposed to ticks whenever you go outside, and especially in warm months.
Know that no prevention method is 100% foolproof. Perform regular tick checks on your dog, especially after spending time in tick-prone areas. This is even more important if your pup has been romping far away from you off leash!
Even the best prevention falls short sometimes. If you find a tick on your dog—and chances are you will at some point in their lifetime—here’s what to do.
We know this is easier said than done—especially when you see just how creepy an engorged tick is. But it’s the best thing you can do for your dog. Take a deep breath. Remind yourself you’ve got this. With a few simple steps, you can help your four-legged friend feel better.
Tick-borne diseases can take time to manifest. Be on the lookout for any symptoms of illness in your dog after a tick bite.
If you suspect your dog has been exposed to ticks or is showing any signs of illness—particularly symptoms like fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, or lameness—seek veterinary attention right away.
Early diagnosis and treatment improve the chances of a successful recovery. Your professional vet team is the best way to minimize the risk of complications associated with tick-borne diseases.
There is so much misinformation out there, and we want to make sure we only provide the highest quality information to our community. We have all of our articles reviewed by qualified, positive-only trainers or veterinarians.
This is the professional that reviewed this article:
Amber Holly, BS, RVT, LVT
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